in recent years, & ldquo; Delicious & rdquo& ldquo; It tastes tender & rdquo& ldquo; High protein, low fat & rdquo; Wild mushrooms gradually came into people’s sight and became a popular delicacy on the table. However, while enjoying delicious food, people often ignore the fact that some mushrooms are toxic. Therefore, people should beware of poisoning when eating wild mushrooms. Let’s take a look with you.
mushroom & ldquo; Double edged Sword & rdquo;
mushroom is a fungal plant, which not only has high edible value, but also has medicinal effect. Mushrooms are rich in nutrients needed by the human body, which can enhance human resistance. However, most people don’t know what beneficial nutrients mushrooms contain, so we can’t make good use of them.
Eating more mushrooms is good for your health. However, diet needs to pay attention to methods. A little carelessness may endanger health. Because some mushrooms contain toxins, it is very easy to cause poisoning if eaten by mistake.
1. Eat mushrooms every day
mushrooms are not only delicious, but also nutritious. They are rich in essential amino acids, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients. They are a healthy food with high protein and low fat. Therefore, daily
mycotoxins and poisoning manifestations
there are many kinds of poison mats, and the toxic components and poisoning symptoms are different. According to the clinical manifestations of toxic components, they are mainly divided into the following types.
1. Gastrointestinal toxicity: mainly manifested as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and hypothermia. The incubation period is short, only 0.5 ~ 6 hours, 2 ~ 3 days, and the mortality is low. The representative causing this type of poisoning are some mushroom species of black umbrella mushroom and milk mushroom, and the toxin may be resin like substances.
2. Nervous type: clinical manifestations include not only gastrointestinal reactions, but also nervous system symptoms, such as pupil narrowing, slow pulse, vision and hearing hallucinations, and mental disorder in severe cases. The toadstools that cause this type of poisoning contain toxins that cause neuropsychiatric symptoms. The incubation period is 0.5 ~ 4 hours, the course of disease is 1 ~ 2 days, and the mortality is low.
3. Hemolytic type: this toxic reaction is mainly caused by ingestion of deer mushroom containing deer flower toxin. Cervus mosaic toxin is a methylhydramine compound with strong hemolysis. The incubation period is generally 6 ~ 12 hours, accompanied by hepatosplenomegaly, and a few patients have proteinuria.
4. Organ damage type: it is the most serious type, and the toxic components are mainly toxic peptides and toxic umbrella peptides. These toxins are highly toxic and can cause cellular degeneration in most human organs. Ingestion of 50 grams of mushrooms containing such toxins can be fatal. After poisoning, if not rescued in time, the mortality is as high as 50% ~ 60%.
Four tips to identify poisonous mushrooms
look at the color: poisonous mushrooms are generally bright in color, mostly red, green, dark black, cyan and other colors. Among them, purple is often highly toxic mushrooms, and will change color after picking. The fimbria of poisonous mushrooms often have variegated spots with filaments or small residues or scales on the surface. The color of non-toxic mushroom is relatively light, the mushroom cover is relatively flat, and the umbrella surface is smooth.
second look at the shape: the middle part of the cap of poisonous mushroom is often convex, with strange shape and thick surface. There are fungus wheels and fungus holders on the stalk. The stalk is either slender or thick, which is very easy to break. The cap of non-toxic mushroom is more flat, the umbrella surface is smooth, the lower part of the stipe is sterile support, and the upper part is sterile wheel.
three look at secretions: there are mushroom wheels on the umbrella handle of poisonous mushrooms, and there are cysts at the root. The umbrella handle is not easy to tear, and there are often thick secretions flowing out, which are reddish brown, and the color will change in the air. There is no mushroom wheel on the umbrella handle of non-toxic mushroom. The umbrella handle is very easy to tear, the secretion is as clear as water, and the mushroom surface will not change color after tearing.
four smell smell: poisonous mushrooms often have a strange smell, while non-toxic mushrooms have a special fragrance.
tips: mushrooms have a wide variety and delicious taste. They have been sought after by people for a long time. Some people like to go up the mountain to pick mushrooms themselves. Although there are various methods to identify whether mushrooms are poisonous, inexperienced people had better not pick them themselves, otherwise it is extremely easy to pick and eat poisonous mushrooms by mistake. In addition, when buying mushrooms, it is best to buy them in a regular shopping mall.
what are the symptoms of wild mushroom poisoning?
A: the toxins in poisonous mushrooms are very complex. One poisonous mushroom can contain several toxins, and one toxin can exist in several poisonous mushrooms. The clinical manifestations of poisonous mushroom poisoning are complex and diverse. According to the symptoms, it can be divided into 6 types: gastroenteritis type, neuropsychiatric type, hemolysis type, liver damage type, respiratory and circulatory failure type and photoallergic dermatitis type.
After eating wild mushrooms, how to distinguish poisoning from human body surface characteristics?
most poisonous mushrooms have gastrointestinal symptoms such as weakness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea in the early stage of poisoning. Some cases show excitement, depression, hallucination and staggering gait, others may show jaundice, hematuria and liver pain, and the exposed parts of the body appear after sunshine, such as facial swelling and pain, Especially lip swelling, eversion, etc.
the incubation period of various types of mushroom poisoning varies, the fastest is 10 minutes and the longest is 1-2 days. Among them, hemolytic and liver damage poisoning are more serious, especially liver damage. The condition is dangerous. If not treated in time, the mortality is very high.
after the symptoms of poisoning by eating wild mushrooms disappear, does it mean that it has been cured?
A: the initial stage of wild mushroom poisoning is gastrointestinal symptoms. Some patients alleviate or disappear after 1 ~ 2 days, and their mental state is good, giving people the feeling of recovery. In fact, at this time, the toxin is entering the liver and other internal organs through the blood and causing damage. We call it the false recovery period. After about 1-2 days, the condition suddenly worsens and endangers life. Therefore, patients with mushroom poisoning should be observed for 1-2 days after the symptoms disappear. If they do not adapt, they should seek medical treatment immediately to prevent delay in treatment due to false healing.