The faster the heartbeat, the more dangerous the blood vessels are. Methods to alleviate the increased heartbeat and reduce the heart rate

, the heart works tirelessly every minute, but a fast heartbeat is not all a signal of heart disease. Reader’s Digest magazine network of the United States summarizes seven reasons for tachycardia.

1. Stress and anxiety.

2. Irritant beverage.

substances with excitatory effects such as caffeine, alcohol and nicotine can raise blood pressure and accelerate the heartbeat. Cardiologists at the Mayo Clinic in the United States suggest that adults should not consume more than 400 mg of caffeine a day, roughly equivalent to four cups of coffee.

3. Dehydration.

when dehydrated, the effective blood volume will decrease, resulting in lower blood pressure, which forces the heart to work harder and accelerate beating. After sweating a lot, drink water or drinks containing electrolytes in time to supplement the lost body fluids and minerals.

4. Lack of sleep.

lack of sleep will also increase the secretion of cortisol hormone, resulting in an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. The National Sleep Foundation recommends that adults get 7 to 9 hours of quality sleep every night.

5. Pain.

a research result published in the Journal of mayo clinic shows that the stress response caused by acute pain will lead to increased blood pressure, accelerated heart rate, pupil dilation and increased cortisol content in blood, and the heartbeat will return to normal after treatment.

6. Pregnancy.

pregnant women’s hearts are under more pressure. The research results of Duke University Medical Center in the United States show that by the end of pregnancy, the uterus receives 1 / 5 of the mother’s blood supply, which increases the amount of blood pumped by the heart by 30% ~ 50%, resulting in a faster heartbeat.

7. Thyroid problems.

a variety of hormones secreted by the thyroid gland regulate the functions of the main organs of the human body. When the thyroid hormone is insufficient (hypothyroidism), the heart rate will decrease, and excessive thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism) will increase the heart rate. If it is suspected that the heart rate is accelerated due to thyroid problems, five tests of thyroid function should be carried out.

As we all know, in addition to diseases that can change the heart rate, there are many situations that can cause changes in the heart rate. For example, people’s heart beats faster during exercise than when they are quiet, women’s heart beats faster than men, and children’s heart beats faster than adults. Because athletes often exercise, their heart beats can sometimes reach about 50 times per minute. These are normal phenomena.

the so-called & ldquo; Abnormal & rdquo;, Some are indeed related to diseases, but they can not be classified as related to heart diseases. More than 100 beats per minute, i.e. & ldquo; Tachycardia & rdquo; For example, it is not a disease name, but a symptom. Tachycardia is divided into physiological, drug and pathological. In addition to heart diseases, such as various types of heart disease, myocarditis and heart failure, other causes such as anemia, fever, acute and chronic infection, shock, hyperthyroidism and gas poisoning can also cause tachycardia. When normal people are exercising, heavy physical labor or emotional excitement, excitement and anxiety, taking too much liquor, strong tea, strong coffee or smoking, and taking some drugs can accelerate their heartbeat.

“ Bradycardia & rdquo; Or & ldquo; Heartbeat is too slow & rdquo; There are also many causes of disease, divided into rational and physiological. In patients with physiological sinus bradycardia, heart rate and pulse 50 ~ 60 times per minute are normal and do not need treatment. They are common in normal people sleeping or people with more physical activity. The heart beat slows down caused by coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy and degenerative lesions of cardiac conduction system in the elderly, sometimes only 30 or 40 beats per minute; The vagus nerve is excited, which can inhibit the heart and slow down the heartbeat; Take certain drugs, such as & beta- Receptor blockers, reserpine, guanidine, morphine, digitalis, quinidine, lidocaine, amiodarone, verapamil, neostigmine and anesthetics can cause sinus bradycardia. In addition, some systemic diseases, such as hypothyroidism, obstructive jaundice, increased intracranial pressure, hyperkalemia, alkalosis and depression, will also affect the heart rate and cause bradycardia.

therefore, it is not advisable to simply judge whether you have cardiovascular disease by the speed of your heartbeat. Suffering from cardiovascular disease can affect the speed of heartbeat, but the speed of heartbeat does not mean that you must have cardiovascular disease. Similarly, people with a consistently high heart rate may not be more prone to heart disease than others.

The blood vessel system of life cycle

is composed of the arterial system from the ventricle, the venous system flowing back to the atrium and the reticular capillaries connected between the arteries and veins. Blood is emitted from the ventricle and flows into the atrium through arteries, capillaries and veins. According to different circulation ways, it can be divided into large (body) circulation and small (lung) circulation. The great circulation starts from the left ventricle. The contraction of the left ventricle pumps the arterial blood rich in oxygen and nutrients into the aorta, reaches the capillaries of various tissues of the whole body through various arterial branches, and exchanges materials with tissue cells, that is, the oxygen and nutrients in the blood are absorbed by tissue cells, and the metabolites and carbon dioxide of tissue cells enter the blood to form venous blood. Then it was injected into the right atrium through all levels of veins and finally merged into superior and inferior vena cava.

the small circulation starts from the right ventricle. When the right ventricle contracts, the blood returned from the large circulation (venous blood containing radioactive products and carbon dioxide) is pumped into the pulmonary artery, and reaches the capillary network around the alveoli through various branches of the pulmonary artery. Gas exchange is carried out with the air in the alveoli through the capillary wall and alveolar wall, that is, carbon dioxide is discharged and oxygen is taken in, Turn the blood into arterial blood rich in oxygen, and then return to the left atrium through pulmonary vein.

artery artery is a blood vessel sent out by the ventricle. It branches off during the journey to form large, medium and small arteries. Because the artery bears great pressure, the tube wall is thick, and the lumen section is round. The arterial wall is composed of intima, media and adventitia. The surface of the intima is a smooth lumen surface composed of a single layer of flat epithelium (endothelium). The adventitia is connective tissue. The media of the great artery is rich in elastic fibers. When the heart contracts and ejects blood, the wall of the great artery expands. When the heart relaxes, the wall elastically retracts and continues to promote blood; The smooth muscle of middle and small arteries, especially the middle membrane of small arteries, is more developed. It contracts and relaxes under innervation to maintain and regulate blood pressure and regulate blood flow in its distribution area.

vein is the blood vessel that guides the blood back to the heart. The small vein starts from the capillary network, gradually converges into the middle vein and large vein during the journey, and finally opens in the atrium. Due to the small pressure on the vein, the tube wall is thin, there are less smooth muscle and elastic fibers, the elasticity and contractility are weak, and the lumen is flat and oval on the section. The number of veins is more than that of arteries. Due to different walking parts, the veins of head and neck, trunk and limbs can be divided into deep and shallow. The deep vein is accompanied by the artery of the same name. In the middle and distal segments of the limbs, one artery has two veins.

superficial veins run in subcutaneous tissue. There are abundant anastomoses between veins. The structure of the vein wall can also be divided into inner, middle and outer membranes. In most veins, the inner membrane is reflexed to form a half moon shaped vein valve to ensure the centripetal return of blood. Capillaries are very fine vascular networks connected between arteries and veins, with a diameter of only 7-9μ m. The tube wall is thin and mainly composed of a layer of endothelial cells with certain permeability. The flow rate of blood in the capillary network is slow, which is conducive to the material exchange between tissue cells and blood.

small circulation structure

(I) pulmonary artery

pulmonary artery starts from the right ventricle and is a short trunk, which runs obliquely to the left, upper and rear before the aorta. It is divided into left and right pulmonary arteries under the aortic arch, enters the lung through the pulmonary hilum, branches with the branches of the bronchus, and forms a dense capillary network around the alveolar wall.

(II) pulmonary vein

pulmonary vein pulmonaryveins branch from pulmonary capillaries and gradually converge into larger veins. Finally, the left and right lungs converge into two pulmonary veins respectively and inject into the left atrium.

11 Methods to reduce heart rate

1. Exercise: the simplest and most effective way to continuously reduce heart rate is to exercise regularly.

2. Keep water: when the body is dehydrated, the heart must work harder to stabilize the blood flow. Drink more sugarless and decaffeinated drinks every day, such as water and herbal tea.

3. Limit the intake of stimulants such as caffeine and nicotine: stimulants can cause dehydration and increase the workload of the heart.

4. Limit alcohol intake: most alcohol dehydrates the body. Alcohol is also a toxin, and the body must work harder to process and remove it.

5. Healthy and balanced diet: eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean meat, protein, nuts and beans can help improve heart health and overall health. Foods and supplements rich in antioxidants and healthy fats can lower blood pressure and make the heart beat more easily. Heart healthy nutrients include: & omega- 3 fatty acids, fish, lean meat, nuts, grains and beans are more; Phenol (moderate), more in tea, coffee and red wine; Vitamin A, more in most green leafy vegetables; Dietary fiber, whole grains, nuts, beans and most fruits and vegetables; Vitamin C, citrus fruits, green leafy vegetables and bean sprouts.

6. Adequate sleep: long term lack of sleep will bring pressure to the whole body, including the heart. Most adults sleep seven to nine hours a night.

7. Maintain a healthy weight: extra weight will also put pressure on the body and heart.

8. Reduce or solve a large number of sources of long-term stress: stress caused by work, taking care of family or financial burden will make the heart and other parts of the body work harder to maintain normal rhythm and flow.

9. Seek psychological counseling or psychological services: traumatic experiences, sadness and certain mental health conditions can produce stress on the body and may affect brain chemistry, making it difficult for people to cope with daily activities and stress.

10. Go outdoors: research shows that those who spend more time in nature, even those who walk in the woods or parks, are often happier and less stressed than those who don’t go.

11. Practice relaxation skills: activities to enhance self-awareness and mindfulness, such as meditation, in routine practice